Quatro humores

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With a theory based on that of the four elements, by the Middle Ages health was though to depend on a balance of four fluids, or humors, in the human body: fire corresponded to blood; air to yellow bile; water to phlegm; and earth to black bile. The notion that health depended on the balance of the four elements arose shortly after Empedocles introduced his theory. The theory of the four humors developed by the time of Hippocrates (c.460-c.377 BC). We still say that people can be in a "good humor" or a "bad humor," and terms derived from the Greek or Latin names of the humors are still sometimes used to describe moods, attitudes, or personalities:

Notice that the passivity of "cold" humors, Phelgm and Black Bile, contrasts with the activity of the "hot" humors, Blood and Yellow Bile.

Links Externos

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From Blood (Sanguis) comes:	sanguine, meaning "sturdy, confident, optimistic, cheerful, happy."
From Yellow Bile (Bilis, Kholê) and its associations come:	choler, meaning "the quality or state of being irascible";choleric, meaning "angry, irate, irascible"; bile, meaning "inclination to anger, spleen"; bilious, meaning "pevish, ill-natured"; gall, meaning "bitterness, rancor, insolence"; spleen, meaning "mingled ill will & bad temper"; and jaundiced, meaning "envy, distaste, hostility."
From Phlegm (Phlegma) comes:	phlegmatic, meaning "slow, stolid, cool, impassive."
And from Black Bile (Melancholia) comes:</a>	melancholic, meaning "depressed, tending to depress the spirits, irascible, sad, saddening."</a>