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	<title>Ocultura - Contribuições do usuário [pt-br]</title>
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	<updated>2026-05-26T04:54:37Z</updated>
	<subtitle>Contribuições do usuário</subtitle>
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	<entry>
		<id>https://www.ocultura.org.br/index.php?title=Atman_(Hinduismo)&amp;diff=10224</id>
		<title>Atman (Hinduismo)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.ocultura.org.br/index.php?title=Atman_(Hinduismo)&amp;diff=10224"/>
		<updated>2011-03-03T13:48:11Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Wallace alex: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;O '''Ātman''' ou '''Atma''' (IAST: Ātman, sanscrito: आत्मन्) é um termo filosófico (&amp;quot;O mais elevado príncipio humano,sem forma,o indivisível&amp;quot;) utlizado no [[Hinduismo]], especialmente na escola [[Vedanta]], para identificar a [[alma]], seja no sentido global (''a alma do mundo'') ou  individual (alma de uma pessoa). É o verdadeiro eu do indivíduo (por isso é geralmente traduzido para o inglês como 'Self' - &amp;quot;si&amp;quot;) além da identificação com a realidade fenomenal da existência mundana.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Etimologia==&lt;br /&gt;
A palavra ātman é conectada com a raiz indo-europeia *ēt-men (sopro, respiração) e cognata ao inglês antigo &amp;quot;æþm&amp;quot;, ao grego &amp;quot;asthma&amp;quot;, e ao alemão &amp;quot;Atem&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;atmen&amp;quot; (respirar).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Schools of thought==&lt;br /&gt;
===Vedanta===&lt;br /&gt;
Escolas filosófica como a [[Advaita]] (monismo) vêem a alma em cada entidade viva como sendo completamente idêntica com [[Brahman]] - a alma que permeia tudo no universo, onde outras escolas como a [[Dvaita]] (dualismo) diferenciam entre o atma individual em seres vivos, e o Supremo Atma  ([[Paramatma]]) como sendo pelo menos parcialmente coisas distintas. Assim, ''atman'' se refere à alma individual ou ao ente do observador.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Na filosofia Advaita Vedanta o Atman é o princípio-vital universal, o animador de todos os organismos, a alma vital. Esta visão é semelhante a do penenteísmo (não confundir com panteísmo) e desta forma as vezes não é equiparada a um único deus criador do monoteísmo. A identificação do das almas/entes vivos individuais, ou jiva-atmas, com o 'Atman Uno' é a posição monística do [[Advaita Vedanta]], que é criticada pelo [[Dvaita Vedanta]] dualístico/teístico. Dvaita Vedanta calls the all-pervading aspect of Brahman ''[[Paramatman]]'' quantitatively different from individual Atman and claims reality for both a God functioning as the ultimate metaphorical &amp;quot;soul&amp;quot; of the universe, and for actual individual &amp;quot;souls&amp;quot; as such. The Dvaita, dualist schools, therefore, in contrast to Advaita, advocate an exclusive monotheistic position wherein [[Brahman]] is made synonymous with [[Vishnu]]. Aspects of both philosophies are found within the schools of [[Vishishtadvaita Vedanta]] and [[Achintya Bheda Abheda]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In some instances both Advaita and Dvaita schools may accommodate the others's belief as a lower form of worship or practice towards the same ultimate goal.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Yoga===&lt;br /&gt;
In the view of the [[Yoga]] school, the highest attainment does not reveal the experienced diversity of the world to be [[Maya (illusion)|illusion]]. The everyday world is real. Furthermore, the highest attainment is the event of one of many individual [[Atman (Hinduism)|selves]] discovering itself; there is no single universal self shared by all persons.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Development==&lt;br /&gt;
The pre-Buddhist Upanishads link the Self to the feeling &amp;quot;I am.&amp;quot; Among the religious thinkers of the time, and in common usage, the concept &amp;quot;self&amp;quot; entails the notion of &amp;quot;I am&amp;quot;. However, following the Buddha, later Upanishads like the [[Maitri Upanishad]] write instead that only the defiled individual self, rather than the universal self, thinks &amp;quot;this is I&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;this is mine&amp;quot;, and the even later [[Mandukya Upanishad]], which was written with heavy Buddhist influence, defines the highest state to be absolute emptiness.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Miscellaneous==&lt;br /&gt;
Adherents to [[Jainism]] also use the phrase the ''atman'' to refer to 'the self'. Often atman is mistaken as being interchangeable with the word [[jiva]] with the difference being somewhat subtle. Whereas atman refers to ''the self'', jiva refers to ''the living being'', the exact comprehension of which varies throughout the philosophical schools.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Ver também==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Atman (Budismo)]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Karma]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Yoga]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ātman_(Hinduism) Ātman (Hinduism) - Wikipedia] - retirado dia 27/set/2010 às 10:35&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Categoria:Hinduismo]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Wallace alex</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.ocultura.org.br/index.php?title=Le%C3%A3o&amp;diff=10223</id>
		<title>Leão</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.ocultura.org.br/index.php?title=Le%C3%A3o&amp;diff=10223"/>
		<updated>2011-02-25T20:55:25Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Wallace alex: /* Perfil Astrológico */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{astrologia}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Mitologia ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Grande constelação que representava o Leão do vale de Neméia, estrangulado por Hércules.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Perfil Astrológico ==&lt;br /&gt;
Personalidade vibrante e espírito de liderança. Devem evitar a tendência para a arrogância e o egoísmo. Gostam de chamar a atenção.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Para você, Leão: &lt;br /&gt;
Dou o trabalho de mostrar minha criação,para o mundo em todo o seu esplendor. &lt;br /&gt;
Mas você precisa tomar cuidado com o orgulho e sempre se lembrar que é minha criação, não sua. Pois se esquecer disto os homens irão despreza-lo;&lt;br /&gt;
Há muita alegria no trabalho que te dou se ele for bem feito.&lt;br /&gt;
Para isto você terá a dádiva da Honra&amp;quot;.(Martin Schulman)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Dados Adicionais ==&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;table style=&amp;quot;border: 1px solid #000000;&amp;quot; cellpadding=5&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;'''Nome:'''&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Leão&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;'''Datação:'''&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;22 de Julho a 22 de Agosto&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;'''Elemento:'''&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;[[Fogo]]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;'''Qualidade:'''&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Fixo&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;'''Polaridade:'''&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Masculino&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;'''Letra Hebraica:'''&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;[[Teth]]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;'''Estrela(s) Principal(is):'''&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Regulus (α Leonis)&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;'''Exílio:'''&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;[[Urano]]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;'''Exaltação:'''&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;[[Netuno]]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;'''Queda:'''&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;[[Mercúrio]]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;'''Anatomia:'''&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Coração, costas, coluna vertebral&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;'''Palavra-Chave:'''&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Autoridade&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;'''Casa Natural:'''&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Casa V&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;'''Signo Anterior:'''&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;[[Câncer]]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;'''Signo Oposto:'''&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;[[Aquário]]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;'''Signo Posterior:'''&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;[[Virgem]]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{esboço}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Categoria:Astrologia]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Categoria:Zodíaco]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Wallace alex</name></author>
	</entry>
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